Dataflow actor network partitioning for multiple FPGAS

Dataflow actor network is used to display the relation between different actors in a directed graph. It is suitable for modelling signal and video processing in software applications. In this paper, the use of dataflow actor network is extended to the hardware implementation of streaming applications via dataflow actor network partitioning for multiple FPGAs based on the number of cuts, connection workload, resource utilization ratio and latency. Multiple FPGAs partitioning is often required for implementing design with large logic count, for cost reduction, multi clock and multi power domains design implementation. The motivation of using the dataflow actor network is due to the nature of the network which closely resembles the structural view and the inter-connections of a design at the architecture level. This representation in the form of a dataflow actor network is suitable for implementing graph partitioning algorithms. The KL algorithm, GA, PSO, SA and WOA are used for single objective partitioning while the MOPSO, MOSA and MOWOA have been used for multi objective partitioning. The objective of this study is to develop partitioning algorithm suitable for use in dataflow actor network and to determine the appropriate partitioning criteria. Results showed that SA has better performance as compared to other partitioning algorithm for single objective partitioning. On the other hand, for multi objective partitioning the MOPSO has better performance for small design while MOSA has better performance for larger design

Sinteran hidroksiapatit dalam atmosfera nitrogen untuk peningkatan sifat mikrokekerasan

Hidroksiapatit (HA) adalah sejenis kalsium fosfat yang merupakan komposisi kepada kebanyakan fasa mineral tulang dan enamel gigi. HA bersifat bioserasi dan berkonduksi osteo selain mempunyai afiniti biologi dan kimia yang bagus untuk tisu tulang. Dengan ciri tersebut, HA diguna secara luas sebagai graf tulang dan bahan salut bagi implan tisu keras manusia. Walau bagaimanapun, kerapuhan dan keliatan patah yang rendah HA tersinter menghadkan penggunaannya dalam aplikasi bebanan yang tinggi. Kajian ini tertumpu kepada mengenal pasti kesan atmosfera sinteran dengan gas nitrogen (N2) ke atas sifat mekanik HA untuk aplikasi pergigian. Serbuk nano HA dicirikan dengan menggunakan mikroskop elektron pancaran. Cakera silinder HA dihasilkan dengan kaedah penekanan ekapaksi. Kemudian, cakera silinder HA dikenakan tekanan isostatik sejuk dan disinter dalam dua atmosfera sinteran yang berbeza iaitu sinteran dalam gas N2 dan sinteran dalam udara pada suhu 1300°C. Ketumpatan, mikrostruktur, kestabilan fasa dan mikrokekerasan HA tersinter dicirikan. Secara keseluruhan, sinteran dengan menggunakan gas N2 menyebabkan pertumbuhan saiz butiran yang lebih besar dengan ketumpatan relatif dan mikrokekerasan yang lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan atmosfera sinteran dalam udara. Dalam kajian ini, HA yang disinter dengan menggunakan gas N2 pada suhu 1300°C menunjukkan mikrostruktur yang lebih tumpat, ketumpatan relatif (94%) dan mikrokekerasan (4.07 GPa) yang lebih tinggi jika berbanding dengan sinteran dalam udara tanpa penguraian HA. Kesimpulannya, penggunaan atmosfera sinteran dengan menggunakan gas N2 pada suhu 1300°C dapat meningkatkan sifat kekerasan Vickers nanokomposit HA dengan mikrostruktur yang padat

The 5p15.33 Locus Is Associated with Risk of Lung Adenocarcinoma in Never-Smoking Females in Asia

Genome-wide association studies of lung cancer reported in populations of European background have identified three regions on chromosomes 5p15.33, 6p21.33, and 15q25 that have achieved genome-wide significance with p-values of 10−7 or lower. These studies have been performed primarily in cigarette smokers, raising the possibility that the observed associations could be related to tobacco use, lung carcinogenesis, or both. Since most women in Asia do not smoke, we conducted a genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in never-smoking females (584 cases, 585 controls) among Han Chinese in Taiwan and found that the most significant association was for rs2736100 on chromosome 5p15.33 (p = 1.30×10−11). This finding was independently replicated in seven studies from East Asia totaling 1,164 lung adenocarcinomas and 1,736 controls (p = 5.38×10−11). A pooled analysis achieved genome-wide significance for rs2736100. This SNP marker localizes to the CLPTM1L-TERT locus on chromosome 5p15.33 (p = 2.60×10−20, allelic risk = 1.54, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.41–1.68). Risks for heterozygote and homozygote carriers of the minor allele were 1.62 (95% CI; 1.40–1.87), and 2.35 (95% CI: 1.95–2.83), respectively. In summary, our results show that genetic variation in the CLPTM1L-TERT locus of chromosome 5p15.33 is directly associated with the risk of lung cancer, most notably adenocarcinoma

Вихретоковый анизотропный термоэлектрический первичный преобразователь лучистого потока

Представлена оригинальная конструкция первичного преобразователя лучистого потока, который может служить основой для создания приемника неселективного излучения с повышенной чувствительностью

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in East Asia and comparison with a European population.

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. Known risk variants explain only a small fraction of lung adenocarcinoma heritability. Here, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma of East Asian ancestry (21,658 cases and 150,676 controls; 54.5% never-smokers) and identified 12 novel susceptibility variants, bringing the total number to 28 at 25 independent loci. Transcriptome-wide association analyses together with colocalization studies using a Taiwanese lung expression quantitative trait loci dataset (n = 115) identified novel candidate genes, including FADS1 at 11q12 and ELF5 at 11p13. In a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European studies, four loci were identified at 2p11, 4q32, 16q23, and 18q12. At the same time, most of our findings in East Asian populations showed no evidence of association in European populations. In our studies drawn from East Asian populations, a polygenic risk score based on the 25 loci had a stronger association in never-smokers vs. individuals with a history of smoking (Pinteraction = 0.0058). These findings provide new insights into the etiology of lung adenocarcinoma in individuals from East Asian populations, which could be important in developing translational applications

Genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in East Asia and comparison with a European population

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. Known risk variants explain only a small fraction of lung adenocarcinoma heritability. Here, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma of East Asian ancestry (21,658 cases and 150,676 controls; 54.5% never-smokers) and identified 12 novel susceptibility variants, bringing the total number to 28 at 25 independent loci. Transcriptome-wide association analyses together with colocalization studies using a Taiwanese lung expression quantitative trait loci dataset (n = 115) identified novel candidate genes, including FADS1 at 11q12 and ELF5 at 11p13. In a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European studies, four loci were identified at 2p11, 4q32, 16q23, and 18q12. At the same time, most of our findings in East Asian populations showed no evidence of association in European populations. In our studies drawn from East Asian populations, a polygenic risk score based on the 25 loci had a stronger association in never-smokers vs. individuals with a history of smoking (P interaction  = 0.0058). These findings provide new insights into the etiology of lung adenocarcinoma in individuals from East Asian populations, which could be important in developing translational applications

Classification on MEMS accelerometer and device application

MEMS Sensors are devices used to obtain data from the physical surroundings and convert it into useful electrical signals for interpretation and analysis. Sensors can be classified depending on the physical properties that are measured. Any observable and measurable physical properties can be used as the measure and of a sensor. One of the physical properties that can be used for measurement is the acceleration of an object. This physical property can be measured using an accelerometer. The accelerometer measures the acceleration of an object by utilizing the classical Newtonian Law of Forces where forces of the same magnitude will be generated in the opposite direction of the applied force. This force is normally detected by a movable part in the accelerometer and is translated into electrical signal using various electrical principles for further processing and data extraction

Design and analysis of capacitive comb acceleration sensor for automotive applications

In the semiconductor industry, many electrical and electronic applications have been scaled down to the micron and nano scale using various technologies such as VLSI. This can be observed in Moore’s Law where more and more transistors have been fabricated into a single silicon wafer. While integrated circuit technologies are constantly developing, it is insufficient to accommodate the ever growing of commercial demands. As stated in the ITRS white paper ‘More-than-Moore’, the integrated circuit not only requires accommodating higher number of transistors, but also needs to increase its functionality. In order to achieve this, some industries have shifted their attention to MEMS. MEMS technology is an ingenious that integrates both mechanical structure and electronic circuitry into a single wafer. It is commonly used in producing sensors and actuators. The MEMS has various benefits which includes easier interfacing between the sensor and the conditioning circuit as they are fabricated on the same wafer, eliminates most of the parasitic effects due to connecting wires, has lower power consumption compared to their larger counterpart and able to place at various locations due to their small sizes. This paper presents a possible design for the MEMS capacitive comb acceleration sensor for automobile applications. Generally, the acceleration sensor is used for two purposes – motion measurement and vibration measurement. However, in this paper, the focus would be more on the motion measurement since the sensor is used to detect sudden deceleration in vehicles which will then activates the inflation of an airbag. The possible interfacing circuit for the proposed design in also included in this paper

Summary of network analysis for overall mortality.

Summary of network analysis for overall mortality.</p